Hepatitis B sero-prevalence in children under 15 years of age in South Africa using residual samples from community-based febrile rash surveillance.
In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 14 (2019-05-31), Heft 5, S. 1-9
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Introduction and methods: Hepatitis B is a vaccine preventable disease and is notifiable in South Africa. Hepatitis B vaccination was incorporated into the Expanded Programme on Immunisation in South Africa in 1995. We used a convenience sample from community-based febrile rash surveillance in 2013 to estimate hepatitis B sero-prevalence. Of samples serologically negative for acute measles infection, 450 samples spanning nine provinces of South Africa were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). Results: Two children (2/450; 0.4%) tested positive for HBsAg. Three hundred and three children (67.3%) had evidence of vaccine induced immunity. Vaccine induced immunity was present in 80.2% of 1–5 year olds, but only 60.3% of 10–14 year olds. Natural immunity, indicating exposure to circulating hepatitis B, was present in 13/450 (2.9%) children. Conclusion: Chronic hepatitis B in South African has decreased in prevalence from highly endemic levels prior to vaccine introduction to approximately 0.4% in this sample, demonstrating impact of a successful vaccination programme 18 years after introduction. Decreased vaccine-induced immunity with increasing age may reflect waning antibody titres over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Hepatitis B sero-prevalence in children under 15 years of age in South Africa using residual samples from community-based febrile rash surveillance.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Prabdial-Sing, Nishi ; Makhathini, Lillian ; Smit, Sheilagh Brigitte ; Manamela, Morubula Jack ; Motaze, Nkengafac Villyen ; Cohen, Cheryl ; Suchard, Melinda Shelley |
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Zeitschrift: | PLoS ONE, Jg. 14 (2019-05-31), Heft 5, S. 1-9 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2019 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0217415 |
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