Mesilased eesti usundilises folklooris. (Estonian)
In: Maetagused, 2023-07-01, Heft 87, S. 71-92
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
The article traces changes in human cognitive and social development using the example of the only domesticated insect, the bee. From the 13th to the 20th century, forest bee-keeping spread, using live trees as beehives, and later also log hives on the ground. The ways of keeping bees changed fundamentally in the 19th century with the introduction of new types of hives, and they also consolidated beliefs in relation to bees. Bees had numerous special names, euphemisms were used when talking about them and in incantations, in which bees were called men/workers or other kinship terms were used, and they were also called domestic animals of the guardian fairies. The article presents beliefs about bees as soul animals and various mythical stories that were associated with the journey of the soul, as well as the popular belief about the connection between the death of the owner and the bees. While earlier on honey denoted an abundant and ideal life in the minds of people, the bee represented a hardworking, loyal person, and bees were the epitome of the motherland in texts expressing national identity. In the foreground is the search for balance between human and other beings, human and the environment, which is expressed, e.g., by the declaration of the rights of bees and the development trends of urban representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Eesti Kirjandusmuuseumi Folkloristika osakonna arhiivi EFITA, Eesti Rahvaluule Arhiivi ja eestikeelsete kalendrite korpuse põhjal vaadeldakse ennekõike folkloori usundiliste liikide näitel ja folkloristika meetoditega. Artikli keskmes on mesilaste nimetused, eufemismid ja nende kasutamine loitsude näitel ning rahvalik kategoriseerimine. Loitsudes kasutatakse erinevaid kristlikke ja rahvusvahelise levikuga vorme, kuid huvitavaks muudab selle pöördumine mesilaste kui inimeste ja sugulaste poole. Sugulusterminoloogia ilmneb ka lõunaeestilistes nimetustes. Teiseks tutvustatakse mesilast kui üht hinge hüpostaasi usundis ja mesilase seoseid mütoloogiaga, sh varavedajaga ning muistenditega hingerännakute ja unenäo narratiivide näitel (seosed peidetud varanduste motiiviga). Lühidalt iseloomustatakse mesilase esinemist vanasõnades, kus esinemus on tagasihoidlik, piirdub 23 tüübiga, mis kinnitavad vanemaid konventsioone. Tuuakse esile mee ja mesilasmürgi kasutamise püsivad ja muutunud valdkonnad tänases etnomeditsiinis. Aastatuhandeid püsinud metsmesinduse kõrval on edenenud tarumesindus ja uued tendentsid linnamesinduses. Artikli eesmärk on avada aspekte mesilaste tähendusest eesti kultuuris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Titel: |
Mesilased eesti usundilises folklooris. (Estonian)
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kõiva, Mare |
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Zeitschrift: | Maetagused, 2023-07-01, Heft 87, S. 71-92 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2023 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1406-992X (print) |
DOI: | 10.7592/MT2023.87.koiva |
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