Privatschulen in den USA: Geschichte und aktuelle Kontroversen. (German)

The private school system in the United States developed at the instigation of the Catholic minority, parallel to the strictly nondenominational public school system. Since the middle of the 20th century, there has been an increase in the number of private schools founded by other, especially fundamental Christian, religious communities. Simultaneously, the number of students attending Catholic private schools is continuously decreasing, so that the total percentage of private school students has remained stable at about 10%. Access to private schools is socially selective due to the considerable school fees and thus, for wide sections of the population, they hardly constitute a realistic alternative to the public school system. Recent developments, however, suggest that, during the past two decades, the traditionally sharp division between public and private school sector has started to loosen up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Das Privatschulwesen in den USA entwickelte sich auf Betreiben der katholischen Minderheit parallel zum strikt konfessionslosen öffentlichen Schulsystem. Seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts kommt es vermehrt zu Privatschulgründungen anderer, insbesondere fundamental-christlicher Religionsgemeinschaften. Gleichzeitig geht die Schülerzahl an katholischen Privatschulen kontinuierlich zurück, sodass der Gesamtanteil an Privatschülern stabil bei ca. 10% liegt. Der Zugang zur Privatschule ist durch die erheblichen Schulgeldzahlungen sozial selektiv und bietet für weite Kreise der Bevölkerung keine realistische Bildungsalternative zum staatlichen Schulwesen. Jüngere Entwicklungen lassen jedoch erkennen, dass sich die traditionell scharfe Trennung zwischen öffentlichem und privatem Schulsektor in den vergangenen 20 Jahren zu lockern beginnt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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