Characteristics of Atmosphere-rice Paddy Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Reactive Nitrogen in Terms of Nitrogen Input to a Single-cropping Rice Paddy Area in Central Japan
In: Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, Jg. 11 (2017), Heft 3, S. 202-216
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient. Thus, evaluating its flows and stocks in rice paddy ecosystems provides important insights into the sustainability and environmental loads of rice production. Among the N sources of paddy fields, atmospheric deposition and irrigation inputs remain poorly understood. In particular, insufficient information is available for atmosphere-rice paddy exchange of gaseous and particulate reactive N (Nr, all N species other than molecular N) which represents the net input or output through dry deposition and emission. In this study, we assessed the N inputs via atmospheric deposition and irrigation to a Japanese rice paddy area by weekly monitoring for 2 years with special emphasis on gas and particle exchange. The rice paddy during the cropping season acted as a net emitter of ammonia (NH3) to the atmosphere regardless of the N fertilizer applications, which reduced the effects of dry deposition to the N input. Dry N deposition was quantitatively similar to wet N deposition, when subtracting the rice paddy NH3 emissions from N exchange. The annual N inputs to the rice paddy were 3.2 to 3.6 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for exchange, 8.1 to 9.8 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for wet deposition, and 11.1 to 14.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for irrigation. The total N input, 22.8 to 27.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1, corresponded to 38% to 55% of the N fertilizer application rate and 53% to 67% of the brown rice N uptake. Monitoring of atmospheric deposition and irrigation as N sources for rice paddies will therefore be necessary for adequate N management.
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Characteristics of Atmosphere-rice Paddy Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Reactive Nitrogen in Terms of Nitrogen Input to a Single-cropping Rice Paddy Area in Central Japan
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Hayashi, Kentaro ; Ono, Keisuke ; Matsuda, Kazuhide ; Tokida, Takeshi ; Hasegawa, Toshihiro |
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Zeitschrift: | Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, Jg. 11 (2017), Heft 3, S. 202-216 |
Veröffentlichung: | Springer, 2017 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1976-6912 (print) ; 2287-1160 (print) |
DOI: | 10.5572/ajae.2017.11.3.202 |
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