Effects of stabilization splint combined with orthodontic and orthognathic treatment on changes in soft and hard tissues and condylar process in patients of type Ⅱ bone malocclusion with condylar resorption

Objective To investigate the efficacy of stabilization splint combined with orthodontic and orthognathic treatment on the patients of type Ⅱ bone malocclusion with condylar resorption by observing the changes in soft and hard tissues and condylar process in order to provide reference for combined therapy technology. Methods A descriptive research was performed on 13 patients with type Ⅱ bone malocclusion with condylar resorption admitted in our department from January 2020 to June 2023. Their clinical data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. They were 3 males and 10 females, with an age ranging from 18 to 27 years (average 21.769±3.032 years). All of them have received stabilization splint combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment. The cephalometric parameters before and after treatment were compared to evaluate the improvement of appearance. The changes in condylar height and condylar bone density were observed and compared before and after treatment to evaluate the bone remodeling of the patients. Results In 6 months after treatment, the parameters of soft and hard tissues were in a trend of normal levels when compared with those in 1 month before treatment. Except for ANS-Me/N-Me and Pg-Pg′, there were significant differences in the indicators such as SNA, SNB and ANB angles before and after the treatment (P < 0.05). No significant change in condyle height was observed between the above 2 time points (P>0.05). But the condylar bone density of the most anterior point, vertex, and the last point were generally increased between the 2 time points (P < 0.01). Conclusion Stabilization splint combined with orthodontic and orthognathic treatment shows significant and stable clinical efficacy in the patients of type Ⅱ bone malocclusion with condylar resorption. It can effectively relieve joint symptoms and meet patients' requirements for facial beauty.