Kepler-102: Masses and Compositions for a Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Orbiting an Active Star
In: The Astronomical Journal, Jg. 165 (2023), Heft 2, S. 74-74
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Zugriff:
Radial velocity (RV) measurements of transiting multiplanet systems allow us to understand the densities and compositions of planets unlike those in the solar system. Kepler-102, which consists of five tightly packed transiting planets, is a particularly interesting system since it includes a super-Earth (Kepler-102d) and a sub-Neptune-sized planet (Kepler-102e) for which masses can be measured using RVs. Previous work found a high density for Kepler-102d, suggesting a composition similar to that of Mercury, while Kepler-102e was found to have a density typical of sub-Neptune size planets; however, Kepler-102 is an active star, which can interfere with RV mass measurements. To better measure the mass of these two planets, we obtained 111 new RVs using Keck/HIRES and Telescopio Nazionale Galileo/HARPS-N and modeled Kepler-102's activity using quasiperiodic Gaussian process regression. For Kepler-102d, we report a mass upper limit M _d < 5.3 M _⊕ (95% confidence), a best-fit mass M _d = 2.5 ± 1.4 M _⊕ , and a density ρ _d = 5.6 ± 3.2 g cm ^−3 , which is consistent with a rocky composition similar in density to the Earth. For Kepler-102e we report a mass M _e = 4.7 ± 1.7 M _⊕ and a density ρ _e = 1.8 ± 0.7 g cm ^−3 . These measurements suggest that Kepler-102e has a rocky core with a thick gaseous envelope comprising 2%–4% of the planet mass and 16%–50% of its radius. Our study is yet another demonstration that accounting for stellar activity in stars with clear rotation signals can yield more accurate planet masses, enabling a more realistic interpretation of planet interiors.
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Kepler-102: Masses and Compositions for a Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Orbiting an Active Star
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Brinkman, Casey L. ; Cadman, James ; Weiss, Lauren ; Gaidos, Eric ; Rice, Ken ; Huber, Daniel ; Claytor, Zachary R. ; Bonomo, Aldo S. ; Buchhave, Lars A. ; Andrew Collier Cameron ; Cosentino, Rosario ; Dumusque, Xavier ; Aldo F. Martinez Fiorenzano ; Ghedina, Adriano ; Harutyunyan, Avet ; Howard, Andrew ; Isaacson, Howard ; Latham, David W. ; López-Morales, Mercedes ; Malavolta, Luca ; Micela, Giuseppina ; Molinari, Emilio ; Pepe, Francesco ; Philips, David F. ; Poretti, Ennio ; Sozzetti, Alessandro ; Udry, Stéphane |
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Zeitschrift: | The Astronomical Journal, Jg. 165 (2023), Heft 2, S. 74-74 |
Veröffentlichung: | IOP Publishing, 2023 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1538-3881 (print) |
DOI: | 10.3847/1538-3881/aca64d |
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