Determination of Phenotypic Variation Among Fig (Ficus carica L.) Genotypes by Clustering and Principal Component Analysis Method

Fig (Ficus carica L.) is one of the oldest sacred fruits widely grown in the world. Southeastern Anatolia is known to have a special place as a fig gene center. In this study, 21 qualitative and quantitative properties of fig genotypes grown in the Siirt (Turkey) region were evaluated. In this study, phenotypic characterization of fig genotypes was made and a high level of phenotypic diversity was detected among the genotypes examined. The coefficient of variation (CV) of most of the traits examined was found to be higher than 20.00%, and the CV values of the parameters were ranged between 10.79% to 62.78%. The correlation levels of the examined traits and the effect ratios of each factor in defining the fig fruit were determined. The genotypes with the highest quality were determined as E-42, E-19, E-26, E-27, E-30, and E-20. The results of the current study have a unique value in the context of proper management and conservation of the fig genetic resources. It is thought that the studied genotypes can be an important source of genes for future breeding programs.