Anxiety and mortality risk in community-dwelling elderly people

Background There are conflicting data on the role of anxiety in predicting mortality. Aims To evaluate the 10-year mortality risk associated with anxiety in community-dwelling elderly people. Method Using data from 718 men and 1046 women aged 65 years and over, gender-stratified associations of anxiety symptoms (Spielberger State―Trait Anxiety Inventory, third tertile) and current DSM-IV anxiety disorder including generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and phobia with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were determined. Results In women, mortality risk was increased for anxiety disorder and GAD in multivariate Cox models (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.53, 95% CI 1.02―2.27 and HR=2.04, 95% CI 1.08―3.86 respectively), whereas for phobia it was nearly significant (HR = 1.52, 95% CI 0.94―2.47). Anxiety trait symptoms became non-significant as a result of the confounding effect of depressive symptoms. Anxiety disorder was associated with cardiovascular mortality in univariate analysis (HR=2.42, 95% CI 1.16―5.07). No significant associations were found in men. Conclusions Our study suggests a gender-specific association of anxiety and mortality.